/* Colour palettes (default + alternates) live in theme.css — imported first
   so its custom properties are available to every rule below. */
@import url('theme.css');
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@400;500;600;700;800;900&display=swap');

* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

:root {
    /* Non-colour design tokens.
       Brand colours and gradients are defined in theme.css. */
    --text-primary: #0f172a;
    --text-secondary: #475569;
    --text-light: #94a3b8;
    --bg-primary: #ffffff;
    --bg-secondary: #f8fafc;
    --bg-dark: #0f172a;
    --shadow-sm: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.06), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
    --shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.10), 0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);
    --shadow-hover: 0 12px 36px rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.22), 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
    --shadow-card: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.06), 0 0 0 1px rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.06);
    --radius-sm: 8px;
    --radius: 14px;
    --radius-lg: 20px;
    --radius-full: 9999px;
    --transition: 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

body {
    font-family: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    overflow-x: hidden;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    scroll-padding-top: 80px;
}

/* Navigation */
.navbar {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    width: 100%;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
    backdrop-filter: blur(20px) saturate(180%);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(20px) saturate(180%);
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.08);
    z-index: 1000;
    padding: 1rem 0;
    transition: background var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
}

.nav-container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0 2rem;
}

.logo {
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    background: var(--gradient);
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    background-clip: text;
}

.nav-links {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
    gap: 0.25rem;
}

.nav-links a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    padding: 0.4rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-full);
    transition: color var(--transition), background var(--transition);
    position: relative;
}

.nav-links a:hover,
.nav-links a.active {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    background: rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.07);
}

.nav-links a::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 2px;
    left: 0.75rem;
    right: 0.75rem;
    height: 2px;
    background: var(--gradient);
    border-radius: 2px;
    transform: scaleX(0);
    transition: transform var(--transition);
}

.nav-links a:hover::after,
.nav-links a.active::after {
    transform: scaleX(1);
}

.mobile-menu-toggle {
    display: none;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero {
    min-height: 92vh;
    background:
        linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(5, 16, 9, 0.82), rgba(10, 92, 54, 0.78), rgba(15, 118, 110, 0.76)),
        url('/assets/polymer-network.svg') center / cover no-repeat,
        var(--gradient-warm);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding-top: 80px;
}

.hero::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background:
        repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,
            rgba(255,255,255,0.04) 0px,
            rgba(255,255,255,0.04) 1px,
            transparent 1px,
            transparent 40px),
        repeating-linear-gradient(-45deg,
            rgba(255,255,255,0.04) 0px,
            rgba(255,255,255,0.04) 1px,
            transparent 1px,
            transparent 40px);
    animation: heroFloat 18s ease-in-out infinite alternate;
    pointer-events: none;
}

@keyframes heroFloat {
    from { transform: translateY(0) scale(1); }
    to   { transform: translateY(-16px) scale(1.03); }
}

.hero-content {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 2rem;
    color: white;
    z-index: 2;
    position: relative;
    text-align: center;
}

.hero h1 {
    font-size: 3.75rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    line-height: 1.08;
    margin-bottom: 0.85rem;
    animation: fadeInUp 0.9s ease-out both;
}

.hero p {
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    opacity: 0.88;
    font-weight: 400;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    animation: fadeInUp 0.9s ease-out 0.15s both;
}

.hero .hero-kicker {
    max-width: 900px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    font-weight: 600;
    opacity: 0.95;
}

.hero .hero-statement {
    max-width: 840px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    font-size: 1.08rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.cta-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.cta-button {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.875rem 2rem;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: var(--radius-full);
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    transition: background var(--transition), transform var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
    backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
    border: 1.5px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);
    animation: fadeInUp 0.9s ease-out 0.3s both;
}

.cta-button:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.28);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18);
}


@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(24px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

/* Section Styles */
section {
    padding: 5rem 0;
    scroll-margin-top: 80px;
}

.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 2rem;
}

.section-title {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 2.35rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    position: relative;
    color: var(--text-primary);
}

.section-intro {
    max-width: 760px;
    margin: -1.5rem auto 2.5rem;
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.research-metrics {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 1px;
    max-width: 760px;
    margin: -0.75rem auto 2.75rem;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.2);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    background: rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.16);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.research-metrics__item {
    min-width: 0;
    padding: 1rem 1.1rem;
    text-align: center;
    background: var(--bg-primary);
}
.research-metrics__label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}
.research-metrics strong {
    display: block;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: clamp(1.55rem, 3vw, 2rem);
    line-height: 1;
}
.research-metrics__source {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0.62rem 1rem;
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    background: var(--bg-primary);
}
.research-metrics__source a { font-weight: 700; }
@media (max-width: 520px) {
    .research-metrics__item { padding: 0.85rem 0.55rem; }
    .research-metrics__label { font-size: 0.64rem; letter-spacing: 0.04em; }
}

.section-title::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: -12px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 48px;
    height: 4px;
    background: var(--gradient);
    border-radius: 4px;
}

/* About Section */
.about {
    background: var(--bg-secondary);
}

.about-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 4rem;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.about-text {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    padding-top: 0;
    margin-top: 0;
}

.about-text p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.about-text p:first-child {
    margin-top: 0;
}

.skills {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 0;
}

.skill-card {
    background: white;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
    transition: transform var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
    text-align: center;
    border: 1px solid rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.08);
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
}

.skill-card::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: var(--gradient);
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity var(--transition);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
}

.skill-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-6px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
}

.skill-card:hover::before {
    opacity: 0.04;
}

.skill-card .icon {
    width: 54px;
    height: 54px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    background: rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.1);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    margin-bottom: 0.875rem;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.skill-card h4 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.skill-card p {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    line-height: 1.5;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

/* Experience Section */
.timeline {
    position: relative;
    max-width: 1100px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.timeline::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 50%;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 2px;
    background: var(--gradient-timeline);
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.timeline-item {
    margin: 2rem 0;
    position: relative;
}

.timeline-content {
    background: white;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
    border: 1px solid rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.08);
    width: calc(50% - 20px);
    position: relative;
    transition: transform var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
}

.timeline-content:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
}

.timeline-item:nth-child(odd) .timeline-content {
    margin-left: auto;
}

.timeline-item:nth-child(even) .timeline-content {
    margin-right: auto;
}

.timeline-dot {
    position: absolute;
    left: 50%;
    top: 2rem;
    width: 18px;
    height: 18px;
    background: var(--gradient-dot);
    border-radius: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    z-index: 1;
    border: 3px solid white;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.18);
}

.timeline-date {
    padding: 0.4rem 1rem;
    background: var(--gradient-dot);
    color: white;
    border-radius: var(--radius-full);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    display: inline-block;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.timeline-title {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
    white-space: normal;
    overflow: visible;
    text-overflow: clip;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.timeline-company {
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: var(--accent-text);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-style: normal;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.timeline-location {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.timeline-list {
    margin: 1rem 0 0;
    padding-left: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.timeline-list li {
    margin-bottom: 0.45rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
}

/* Blog Section */
.projects,
.publications {
    background: var(--bg-secondary);
}

.blog-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
    align-items: stretch;
}

.blog-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
    border: 1px solid rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.07);
    transition: transform var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    height: 100%;
}

.blog-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
}

.blog-image {
    height: 160px;
    background: var(--gradient-warm);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 3rem;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: filter var(--transition);
}

.blog-card:hover .blog-image {
    filter: brightness(1.08);
}

.blog-content {
    padding: 1.5rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    flex-grow: 1;
    height: 100%;
}

.blog-title {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    min-height: 3.0rem;
    height: 3.0rem;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
    line-clamp: 2;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.project-card .blog-title,
.publication-card .blog-title {
    min-height: 0;
    height: auto;
    -webkit-line-clamp: unset;
    line-clamp: unset;
}

.publication-kicker {
    margin: 0 0 0.7rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 0.73rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.blog-excerpt {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    flex-grow: 1;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.blog-excerpt.clamp {
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 4;
    line-clamp: 4;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
    text-overflow: ellipsis;
}

.blog-excerpt.expanded {
    -webkit-line-clamp: unset;
    line-clamp: unset;
    overflow: visible;
}

.toggle-excerpt {
    margin-top: 1rem;
    background: none;
    border: 0;
    padding: 0;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: underline;
    cursor: pointer;
    align-self: flex-start;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.toggle-excerpt:hover {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
}

.blog-meta {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-top: auto;
    padding-top: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    border-top: 1px solid #f0f0f0;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.project-mark {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 76px;
    height: 76px;
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.26);
    color: white;
    font-weight: 900;
    font-size: 1rem;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.tag-list,
.contact-topic-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.tag-list span {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 30px;
    padding: 0.35rem 0.65rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background: rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.08);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.blog-content a:not(.toggle-excerpt) {
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-decoration-color: currentColor;
}

.blog-content a:not(.toggle-excerpt):hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.read-more {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.read-more:hover {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
}

/* Contact Section */
.contact {
    background: var(--bg-dark);
    color: white;
    padding: 3.5rem 0;
}

.contact .section-title,
.contact h3 {
    color: white;
}

.contact .section-title {
    margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
}

.contact-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 4rem;
}

.contact-content--compact {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(240px, 0.82fr) minmax(0, 1.55fr);
    align-items: start;
    gap: 1.35rem;
}

.contact-info h3 {
    margin-bottom: 0.65rem;
    font-size: 1.45rem;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.contact-info p {
    margin-bottom: 0;
    opacity: 0.9;
}

.contact-kicker {
    margin-bottom: 0.55rem !important;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.62);
    font-size: 0.74rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    line-height: 1.35;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.contact-summary {
    max-width: 30rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
    font-size: 0.98rem;
    line-height: 1.65;
}

.contact-hub {
    display: grid;
    align-content: start;
    align-items: start;
    align-self: start;
    gap: 0.95rem;
    grid-auto-rows: max-content;
    padding: 1.05rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
    border-radius: var(--radius);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.07);
}

.contact-hub > section,
.contact-hub > .privacy-note {
    align-self: start;
}

.contact-hub section {
    padding: 0;
    scroll-margin-top: 0;
}

.contact-quick h4,
.contact-profiles h4,
.contact-topics h4 {
    margin: 0 0 0.55rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
    font-size: 0.74rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.contact-quick-links {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.55rem;
}

.contact-quick-links a {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(4.8rem, auto) minmax(0, 1fr);
    align-items: center;
    min-width: 0;
    gap: 0.65rem;
    padding: 0.58rem 0.7rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.055);
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.92);
    font-size: 0.94rem;
    line-height: 1.25;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}

.contact-quick-links a:hover,
.contact-profile-links a:hover {
    color: white;
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.36);
}

.contact-quick-links a:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.095);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.contact-quick-links span {
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.58);
    font-size: 0.68rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: 0.07em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.contact-quick-links strong {
    min-width: 0;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.94);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.contact-profile-links {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.4rem;
}

.contact-profile-links a,
.contact-profile-links span {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 28px;
    padding: 0.28rem 0.55rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16);
    border-radius: 999px;
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.86);
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.25;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.contact-profile-links span {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
    font-weight: 600;
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
    .contact-quick-links { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

.contact-form {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
}

.contact-panel {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
}

.contact-topic-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    list-style: none;
}

.contact-topic-list li {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0.28rem 0.52rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.09);
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 650;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.form-group {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.form-group label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.form-group input,
.form-group textarea {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.09);
    color: white;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-family: inherit;
    transition: background var(--transition), border-color var(--transition);
}

.form-group input:focus,
.form-group textarea:focus {
    outline: none;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16);
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);
}

.form-group input::placeholder,
.form-group textarea::placeholder {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}

.submit-btn {
    background: var(--gradient);
    color: white;
    padding: 0.75rem 2rem;
    border: none;
    border-radius: var(--radius-full);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-family: inherit;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: transform var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.submit-btn:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.4);
}

.submit-btn:active {
    transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Footer */
.footer {
    background: var(--bg-dark);
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
    text-align: center;
    padding: 2rem 0;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    position: relative;
}

.footer::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 120px;
    height: 2px;
    background: var(--gradient);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.footer p {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.footer-links {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.footer-links a {
    color: var(--text-light);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.footer-links a:hover {
    color: white;
}

/* Scroll animations */
.fade-in {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(20px);
    transition: opacity 0.55s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1),
                transform 0.55s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

.fade-in.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Back to top button */
.back-to-top {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 1.75rem;
    right: 1.75rem;
    background: var(--gradient);
    color: white;
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1;
    transition: opacity var(--transition), visibility var(--transition), transform var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    z-index: 999;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.35);
}

.back-to-top.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
}

.back-to-top:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.5);
}

/* Loading indicator */
.loading {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 4rem 2rem;
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.07em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--text-light);
    background: var(--bg-primary);
    min-height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

/* Smooth scrolling */
.smooth-scroll-page main {
    padding-top: 0 !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page #all-sections {
    padding: 0 !important;
    max-width: none !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    width: 100% !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section {
    min-height: 100vh !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    justify-content: center !important;
    scroll-margin-top: 80px !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section .container,
.smooth-scroll-page section .hero-content {
    max-width: 1200px !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    margin: 0 auto !important;
    padding: 2rem !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section .hero-content {
    text-align: center !important;
    position: relative !important;
    z-index: 2 !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section#home {
    background:
        linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(5, 16, 9, 0.82), rgba(10, 92, 54, 0.78), rgba(15, 118, 110, 0.76)),
        url('/assets/polymer-network.svg') center / cover no-repeat,
        var(--gradient) !important;
    color: white !important;
    position: relative !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section#home::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background:
        linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12) 0%, transparent 100%),
        repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,
            rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04) 0px,
            rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04) 1px,
            transparent 1px,
            transparent 40px),
        repeating-linear-gradient(-45deg,
            rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04) 0px,
            rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04) 1px,
            transparent 1px,
            transparent 40px);
    animation: float 20s ease-in-out infinite;
    z-index: 1;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section#home h1 {
    font-size: 3.6rem !important;
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    margin-bottom: 1rem !important;
    line-height: 1.1 !important;
    animation: none !important;
    opacity: 1 !important;
    transform: none !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section#home p {
    font-size: 1.25rem !important;
    margin-bottom: 1rem !important;
    opacity: 0.9 !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section#home .hero-statement {
    font-size: 1.05rem !important;
    line-height: 1.75 !important;
    max-width: 840px !important;
    margin-left: auto !important;
    margin-right: auto !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section#about {
    background: var(--bg-secondary) !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section#experience {
    background: var(--bg-primary) !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section#projects,
.smooth-scroll-page section#publications {
    background: var(--bg-secondary) !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section#contact {
    background: var(--bg-dark) !important;
    color: white !important;
    min-height: auto !important;
    padding: 4rem 0 !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section#contact .section-title,
.smooth-scroll-page section#contact h2,
.smooth-scroll-page section#contact h3 {
    color: white !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section#contact .contact-hub > section {
    display: block !important;
    min-height: 0 !important;
    width: auto !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    scroll-margin-top: 0 !important;
}

.smooth-scroll-page section#contact .contact-hub > section h4 {
    margin-top: 0 !important;
}

.privacy-note {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    opacity: 0.85;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

.consent {
    display: flex;
    gap: .5rem;
    align-items: center;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    margin: .75rem 0;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
    cursor: pointer;
}

.consent input[type="checkbox"] {
    width: 15px;
    height: 15px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    accent-color: var(--primary-color);
    cursor: pointer;
}

.consent a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-underline-offset: 2px;
    transition: color var(--transition);
}

.consent a:hover {
    color: white;
}

/* ============================================
   EDUCATION SECTION - VERTICAL TIMELINE (Design 2)
   ============================================ */

.education-section {
    padding: 5rem 0;
    background: #f8fafc;
    min-height: 100vh;
}

.education-intro {
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
    margin-top: -2rem;
}

.education-timeline {
    position: relative;
    max-width: 900px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 2rem 0;
}

/* Timeline vertical line */
.education-timeline::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 40px;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 3px;
    background: var(--gradient-edu-line);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.education-item {
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 100px;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

/* Timeline dot */
.education-dot {
    position: absolute;
    left: 32px;
    top: 30px;
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
    background: var(--gradient-edu-dot);
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 4px solid #f8fafc;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(var(--secondary-rgb), 0.2);
    z-index: 2;
}

.education-content {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 16px;
    padding: 2rem;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--secondary-color);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    position: relative;
}

.education-content:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
    transform: translateX(4px);
}

.education-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-start;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.education-info h3 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--text-primary);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.institution {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--accent-text);
    margin: 0;
}

.education-period {
    padding: 0.5rem 1.25rem;
    background: var(--gradient-edu-dot);
    color: white;
    border-radius: 50px;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    white-space: nowrap;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.education-details {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
}

.education-description {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin: 1rem 0 0.5rem;
}

.detail-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.detail-item svg {
    color: var(--text-light);
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.education-highlights {
    margin-top: 1rem;
    padding-top: 1rem;
    border-top: 1px solid #e5e7eb;
}

.highlights-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.highlight-item {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    background: #f1f5f9;
    border-radius: 8px;
    line-height: 1.4;
}

/* Mobile Responsiveness */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .nav-links {
        display: none;
        position: absolute;
        top: 100%;
        left: 0;
        width: 100%;
        background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.98);
        flex-direction: column;
        padding: 1rem;
        box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    }

    .nav-links.active {
        display: flex;
    }

    .mobile-menu-toggle {
        display: block;
    }

    .hero h1 {
        font-size: 2.45rem;
    }

    .hero p {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .cta-buttons {
        gap: 0.5rem;
        flex-wrap: nowrap;
    }

    .cta-button,
    .cta-button-secondary {
        padding: 0.65rem 0.9rem;
        font-size: 0.8rem;
        white-space: nowrap;
    }

    .about-content {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    .timeline::before {
        left: 20px;
    }

    .timeline-content {
        width: calc(100% - 60px);
        margin-left: 40px !important;
        box-sizing: border-box;
        max-width: calc(100vw - 72px);
    }

    .timeline-header {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0.3rem;
    }

    .timeline-date {
        order: -1;   /* date badge first, then title, then company */
        align-self: flex-start;
    }

    .timeline-title {
        font-size: clamp(1rem, 4.6vw, 1.15rem);
        line-height: 1.28;
        white-space: normal;
        overflow: visible;
        text-overflow: clip;
    }

    .timeline-content p {
        font-size: 0.875rem;
    }

    .timeline-dot {
        left: 20px;
        transform: none;
    }

    .contact-content {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    .contact-content--compact {
        gap: 1.2rem;
    }

    .contact-hub {
        padding: 0.9rem;
    }

    .section-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }

    .skills {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .blog-grid,
    .hero-expertise-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .blog-title {
        min-height: auto;
        -webkit-line-clamp: unset;
        line-clamp: unset;
    }

    .smooth-scroll-page section#home h1 {
        font-size: 2.45rem !important;
    }

    .smooth-scroll-page section#home p {
        font-size: 1.05rem !important;
    }

    .smooth-scroll-page section .container,
    .smooth-scroll-page section .hero-content {
        padding: 1rem !important;
    }

    /* Education Mobile */
    .education-timeline::before {
        left: 20px;
    }

    .education-item {
        padding-left: 60px;
    }

    .education-dot {
        left: 12px;
        width: 16px;
        height: 16px;
    }

    .education-header {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 1rem;
    }

    .education-period {
        align-self: flex-start;
    }

    .education-info h3 {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }

    .institution {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    .education-details {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0.75rem;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 992px) {
    .blog-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .education-intro {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    .education-content {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }

    .education-info h3 {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }

    .highlight-item {
        font-size: 0.875rem;
    }
}

/* ============================================
   RESPECT REDUCED MOTION
   ============================================ */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    *, *::before, *::after {
        animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
        animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
        transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    }

    .fade-in {
        opacity: 1 !important;
        transform: none !important;
    }

    .hero::before {
        animation: none !important;
    }
}


.timeline-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-start;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    gap: 2rem;
    min-width: 0;
}

.timeline-info {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
}

.timeline-title {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
    max-width: 100%;
    white-space: normal;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
    word-break: normal;
    line-height: 1.35;
}

.timeline-company,
.timeline-location,
.timeline-list li {
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

/* =============================================
   CUSTOM SCROLLBAR
   ============================================= */
::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 5px; }
::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: transparent; }
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: var(--gradient); border-radius: 3px; }
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover { background: var(--gradient-warm); }

/* =============================================
   FOCUS VISIBLE
   ============================================= */
:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--primary-color); outline-offset: 3px; }
a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible { border-radius: var(--radius-sm); }
.nav-links a:focus-visible { border-radius: var(--radius-full); }

/* =============================================
   SCROLL PROGRESS BAR
   ============================================= */
.scroll-progress {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0; left: 0;
    height: 3px; width: 0%;
    background: var(--gradient-warm);
    z-index: 10001;
    border-radius: 0 2px 2px 0;
    pointer-events: none;
}

/* =============================================
   LOGO AS LINK + NAV ACTIONS
   ============================================= */
a.logo { text-decoration: none; }
.nav-actions { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.5rem; }
.language-picker { flex-shrink: 1; min-width: 0; }
.language-picker select {
    appearance: none;
    max-width: 116px;
    padding: 0.46rem 1.55rem 0.46rem 0.58rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.24);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background: var(--bg-primary);
    color: var(--text-primary);
    font: inherit;
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    cursor: pointer;
}
.language-picker select:focus-visible { outline-offset: 2px; }
.google-translate-host { display: none; }
html[dir="rtl"] body { text-align: right; }
html[dir="rtl"] .nav-container,
html[dir="rtl"] .nav-actions,
html[dir="rtl"] .footer .container { flex-direction: row-reverse; }

/* =============================================
   DARK MODE TOGGLE BUTTON
   ============================================= */
.theme-toggle {
    background: none;
    border: 1px solid rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.2);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    width: 34px; height: 34px;
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    transition: background var(--transition), border-color var(--transition), transform var(--transition);
    line-height: 1; flex-shrink: 0;
}
.theme-toggle:hover {
    background: rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.08);
    border-color: rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.4);
    transform: rotate(15deg);
}

.palette-toggle {
    background: var(--primary-color);
    border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
    border-radius: 50%;
    width: 34px; height: 34px;
    padding: 0;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 0;            /* hide any text node — the colour is the indicator */
    transition: transform var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition), background var(--transition);
    line-height: 1; flex-shrink: 0;
}
.palette-toggle:hover {
    transform: scale(1.12);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.35);
}

/* =============================================
   NAVBAR SCROLLED STATE
   ============================================= */
.navbar.scrolled {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.98) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07) !important;
}

/* =============================================
   LOADING SPINNER
   ============================================= */
.loading::after {
    content: '';
    display: block;
    width: 32px; height: 32px;
    border: 3px solid rgba(var(--primary-rgb), 0.12);
    border-top-color: var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 50%;
    animation: spin 0.7s linear infinite;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}
@keyframes spin { to { transform: rotate(360deg); } }

/* =============================================
   HERO: AVATAR + SOCIAL ROW + SECONDARY CTA
   ============================================= */
.hero-avatar {
    width: 92px; height: 92px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 3px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.35);
    margin: 0 auto 1.5rem;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
    backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
    display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.75rem; font-weight: 900;
    color: white; letter-spacing: 0;
    animation: fadeInUp 0.9s ease-out both;
}
.hero-social {
    display: flex; gap: 0.6rem;
    justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap;
    margin-top: 2rem;
    animation: fadeInUp 0.9s ease-out 0.45s both;
}
.hero-social-link {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.4rem;
    padding: 0.45rem 0.9rem;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.9);
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: var(--radius-full);
    font-size: 0.82rem; font-weight: 500;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.22);
    transition: background var(--transition), transform var(--transition), border-color var(--transition);
    backdrop-filter: blur(8px); -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
}
.hero-social-link:hover {
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.22);
    border-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.4);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}
.hero-social-link svg { flex-shrink: 0; }

.hero-expertise-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.75rem;
    max-width: 880px;
    margin: 1.5rem auto 0;
    animation: fadeInUp 0.9s ease-out 0.55s both;
}

.expertise-tile {
    min-height: 78px;
    padding: 0.75rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.65rem;
    text-align: left;
    backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
}

.expertise-tile span {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 42px;
    height: 42px;
    flex: 0 0 42px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
    color: white;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 900;
}

.expertise-tile strong {
    color: white;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.25;
}

.cta-button-secondary {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.875rem 2rem;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.92);
    color: var(--primary-dark);
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: var(--radius-full);
    font-weight: 700; font-size: 0.95rem;
    transition: background var(--transition), transform var(--transition), box-shadow var(--transition);
    animation: fadeInUp 0.9s ease-out 0.38s both;
    border: none; cursor: pointer;
}
.cta-button-secondary:hover {
    background: white;
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.18);
}

/* =============================================
   FOOTER SOCIAL ICONS
   ============================================= */
.footer-social { display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 0.65rem; margin-top: 0.875rem; }
.footer-social-link {
    display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
    width: 34px; height: 34px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.45);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: background var(--transition), color var(--transition), transform var(--transition);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 800;
}
.footer-social-link:hover { background: rgba(var(--primary-rgb),0.28); color: white; transform: translateY(-2px); }
.footer-social-link svg { flex-shrink: 0; }

/* =============================================
   STAGGERED FADE-IN
   ============================================= */
.skills .fade-in:nth-child(1) { transition-delay: 0.05s; }
.skills .fade-in:nth-child(2) { transition-delay: 0.10s; }
.skills .fade-in:nth-child(3) { transition-delay: 0.15s; }
.skills .fade-in:nth-child(4) { transition-delay: 0.20s; }
.skills .fade-in:nth-child(5) { transition-delay: 0.25s; }
.skills .fade-in:nth-child(6) { transition-delay: 0.30s; }
.blog-grid .fade-in:nth-child(1) { transition-delay: 0.05s; }
.blog-grid .fade-in:nth-child(2) { transition-delay: 0.12s; }
.blog-grid .fade-in:nth-child(3) { transition-delay: 0.19s; }
.blog-grid .fade-in:nth-child(4) { transition-delay: 0.26s; }
.blog-grid .fade-in:nth-child(5) { transition-delay: 0.33s; }
.blog-grid .fade-in:nth-child(6) { transition-delay: 0.40s; }
.timeline .fade-in:nth-child(odd)  { transition-delay: 0.05s; }
.timeline .fade-in:nth-child(even) { transition-delay: 0.12s; }

/* =============================================
   BLOG CARD IMAGE VARIANTS
   ============================================= */
.blog-image .blog-icon {
    width: 52px; height: 52px;
    opacity: 0.9;
    filter: drop-shadow(0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.18));
    transition: transform var(--transition);
    position: relative; z-index: 1; flex-shrink: 0;
}
.blog-card:hover .blog-icon { transform: scale(1.1) rotate(-6deg); }
.blog-image::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute; inset: 0;
    background: repeating-linear-gradient(45deg,
        rgba(255,255,255,0.04) 0px, rgba(255,255,255,0.04) 1px,
        transparent 1px, transparent 20px);
    pointer-events: none; z-index: 0;
}
.blog-image--1 { background: var(--gradient-blog-1); }
.blog-image--2 { background: var(--gradient-blog-2); }
.blog-image--3 { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #10b981 0%, #059669 100%); }
.blog-image--4 { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f59e0b 0%, #ef4444 100%); }
.blog-image--5 { background: var(--gradient-blog-5); }
.blog-image--6 { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #06b6d4 0%, #0284c7 100%); }

/* =============================================
   DARK MODE
   ============================================= */
[data-theme="dark"] {
    --text-primary: #f1f5f9;
    --text-secondary: #94a3b8;
    --text-light: #64748b;
    --bg-primary: #0f172a;
    --bg-secondary: #1e293b;
    --bg-dark: #020617;
    --surface: #1e293b;        /* card surface — overridden per palette */
    --nav-bg: 15, 23, 42;      /* navbar bg channels — overridden per palette */
    --shadow-card: 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.4), 0 0 0 1px rgba(var(--primary-rgb),0.15);
    --shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
    --shadow-hover: 0 12px 36px rgba(var(--primary-rgb),0.35), 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
}
body, .navbar, .skill-card, .timeline-content, .blog-card,
.education-content, .loading, .footer {
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease,
                border-color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}
[data-theme="dark"] body { background: var(--bg-primary); color: var(--text-primary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .navbar { background: rgba(var(--nav-bg),0.88) !important; border-bottom-color: rgba(var(--primary-rgb),0.15); }
[data-theme="dark"] .navbar.scrolled { background: rgba(var(--nav-bg),0.98) !important; box-shadow: 0 2px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.3) !important; }
[data-theme="dark"] .nav-links a { color: var(--text-secondary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .nav-links a:hover,
[data-theme="dark"] .nav-links a.active { color: var(--primary-color); background: rgba(var(--primary-rgb),0.12); }
[data-theme="dark"] .theme-toggle { border-color: rgba(var(--primary-rgb),0.25); color: var(--text-secondary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .about { background: var(--bg-secondary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .skill-card { background: var(--surface); border-color: rgba(var(--primary-rgb),0.14); }
[data-theme="dark"] .skill-card p { color: var(--text-secondary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .about-text { color: var(--text-secondary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .timeline-content { background: var(--surface); border-color: rgba(var(--primary-rgb),0.14); }
[data-theme="dark"] .timeline-title { color: var(--text-primary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .blog-card { background: var(--surface); border-color: rgba(var(--primary-rgb),0.14); }
[data-theme="dark"] .blog-title { color: var(--text-primary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .blog-excerpt { color: var(--text-secondary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .blog-meta { border-top-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.07); color: var(--text-light); }
[data-theme="dark"] .projects,
[data-theme="dark"] .publications { background: var(--bg-secondary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .education-section { background: var(--bg-secondary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .education-content { background: var(--surface); border-color: rgba(var(--primary-rgb),0.14); }
[data-theme="dark"] .education-info h3 { color: var(--text-primary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .institution { color: var(--accent-text); }
[data-theme="dark"] .education-details { border-bottom-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.07); }
[data-theme="dark"] .education-highlights { border-top-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.07); }
[data-theme="dark"] .highlight-item { background: rgba(var(--primary-rgb),0.1); color: var(--text-secondary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .detail-item { color: var(--text-secondary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .section-title { color: var(--text-primary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .loading { background: var(--bg-primary); }
[data-theme="dark"] .footer { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.45); }
[data-theme="dark"] .smooth-scroll-page section#about     { background: var(--bg-secondary) !important; }
[data-theme="dark"] .smooth-scroll-page section#experience { background: var(--bg-primary)   !important; }
[data-theme="dark"] .smooth-scroll-page section#education  { background: var(--bg-secondary) !important; }
[data-theme="dark"] .smooth-scroll-page section#projects,
[data-theme="dark"] .smooth-scroll-page section#publications { background: var(--bg-secondary) !important; }